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ITU-T G.998.2 (11/2018)

Ethernet-based multi-pair bonding

Recommendation ITU-T G.998.2 describes a method for bonding of multiple digital subscriber lines (DSLs) for Ethernet transport. This Recommendation can support single-pair high-bit-rate digital subscriber line (SHDSL), very high-speed digital subscriber line (VDSL) and asymmetric digital subscriber line (ADSL) transport as well as future xDSL technologies as they emerge.

This Recommendation builds on the IEEE 802.3ah-2004 methods and extends Ethernet transport over other xDSL technologies, including ADSL. The Recommendation does not describe the details of the specific xDSL transport technology, but rather, it focuses on the aspects of the physical coding sublayer (PCS) layer modifications required for bonding.

This version of the Recommendation integrates all previous amendments and corrigenda with the 2005 version of ITU-T G.998.2.

Citation:	https://handle.itu.int/11.1002/1000/13753
Series title:	G series: Transmission systems and media, digital systems and networks G.900-G.999: Digital sections and digital line system G.990-G.999: Metallic access networks
Approval date:	2018-11-29
Provisional name:	G.bond2
Approval process:	AAP
Status:	In force
Maintenance responsibility:	ITU-T Study Group 15
Further details:	Patent statement(s) Development history

Ed.	ITU-T Recommendation	Status	Summary	Table of Contents	Download
2	G.998.2 (11/2018)	In force	here	here	here
1.5	G.998.2 (2005) Cor. 1 (03/2018)	Superseded	here	-	here
1.4	G.998.2 (2005) Amd. 4 (08/2015)	Superseded	here	-	here
1.3	G.998.2 (2005) Amd. 3 (08/2013)	Superseded	here	-	here
1.2	G.998.2 (2005) Amd. 2 (12/2007)	Superseded	here	here	here
1.1	G.998.2 (2005) Amd. 1 (12/2006)	Superseded	here	-	here
1	G.998.2 (01/2005)	Superseded	here	here	here


ITU-T Supplement	Title	Status	Summary	Table of contents	Download
G Suppl. 4 (12/1972)	Certain methods of avoiding the transmission of excessive noise between interconnected systems	In force	-	-	here
G Suppl. 5 (10/1984)	Measurement of the load of telephone circuits under field conditions	In force	-	-	here
G Suppl. 7 (12/1972)	Loss-frequency response of channel-translating equipment used in some countries for international circuits	In force	here	here	here
G Suppl. 8 (12/1972)	Method proposed by the Belgian telephone administration for interconnection between coaxial and symmetric pair systems	In force	-	-	here
G Suppl. 17 (10/1984)	Group-delay distortion performance of terminal equipment	In force	-	-	here
G Suppl. 19 (10/1984)	Digital crosstalk measurement (method used by the Administrations of France, the Netherlands and Spain)	In force	-	-	here
G Suppl. 22 (10/1984)	Mathematical models of multiplex signals	In force	-	-	here
G Suppl. 26 (10/1984)	Estimating the signal load margin of FDM wideband amplifier equipment and transmission systems	In force	-	-	here
G Suppl. 27 (10/1984)	Interference from external sources	In force	-	-	here
G Suppl. 28 (10/1984)	Application of transmultiplexers, FDM codecs, data-in-voice (DIV) systems and data-over-voice (DOV) systems during the transition from an analogue to a digital network	In force	-	-	here
G Suppl. 32 (11/1988)	Transfer of alarm information on 60-channel transmultiplexing equipment	In force	-	-	here
G Suppl. 34 (11/1988)	Temperature in underground containers for the installation of repeaters	In force	-	-	here
G Suppl. 35 (11/1988)	Guidelines concerning the measurement of wander	In force	-	-	here
G Suppl. 36 (11/1988)	Jitter and wander accumulation in digital networks	In force	-	-	here
G Suppl. 39 (02/2016)	Optical system design and engineering considerations	In force	here	here	here
G Suppl. 40 (07/2024)	Optical fibre and cable Recommendations and standards guideline	In force	here	-	here
G Suppl. 41 (07/2024)	Design guidelines for optical fibre submarine cable systems	In force	here	-	here
G Suppl. 42 (10/2018)	Guide on the use of the ITU-T Recommendations related to optical fibres and systems technology	In force	here	here	here
G Suppl. 43 (02/2011)	Transport of IEEE 10GBASE-R in optical transport networks (OTN)	In force	here	here	here
G Suppl. 44 (06/2007)	Test plan to verify B-PON interoperability	In force	here	here	here
G Suppl. 45 (09/2022)	Power conservation in optical access systems	In force	here	here	here
G Suppl. 46 (05/2009)	G-PON interoperability test plan between optical line terminations and optical network units	In force	here	here	here
G Suppl. 47 (09/2012)	General aspects of optical fibres and cables	In force	here	here	here
G Suppl. 48 (06/2010)	10-Gigabit-capable passive optical networks: Interface between media access control with serializer/deserializer and physical medium dependent sublayers	In force	here	here	here
G Suppl. 49 (09/2020)	Rogue optical network unit (ONU) considerations	In force	here	here	here
G Suppl. 50 (09/2011)	Overview of digital subscriber line Recommendations	In force	here	here	here
G Suppl. 51 (06/2017)	Passive optical network protection considerations	In force	here	here	here
G Suppl. 52 (09/2012)	Ethernet ring protection switching	In force	here	here	here
G Suppl. 53 (12/2014)	Guidance for Ethernet OAM performance monitoring	In force	here	here	here
G Suppl. 54 (07/2015)	Ethernet linear protection switching	In force	here	here	here
G Suppl. 55 (12/2023)	Radio-over-fibre (RoF) technologies and their applications	In force	here	here	here
G Suppl. 56 (02/2016)	OTN transport of CPRI signals	In force	here	here	here
G Suppl. 57 (07/2015)	Smart home profiles for 6LoWPAN devices	In force	here	here	here
G Suppl. 59 (02/2018)	Guidance on optical fibre and cable reliability	In force	here	here	here
G Suppl. 60 (09/2016)	Ethernet linear protection switching with dual node interconnection	In force	here	here	here
G Suppl. 62 (02/2018)	Gfast certification	In force	here	here	here
G Suppl. 64 (02/2018)	PON transmission technologies above 10 Gb/s per wavelength	In force	here	here	here
G Suppl. 65 (10/2018)	Simulations of transport of time over packet networks	In force	here	here	here
G Suppl. 66 (09/2020)	5G wireless fronthaul requirements in a passive optical network context	In force	here	here	here
G Suppl. 67 (07/2019)	Application of optical transport network Recommendations to 5G transport	In force	here	here	here
G Suppl. 68 (12/2023)	Synchronization operations, administration and maintenance requirements	In force	here	here	here
G Suppl. 69 (09/2020)	Migration of a pre-standard network to a metro transport network	In force	here	here	here
G Suppl. 70 (09/2020)	Supplement on sub 1 Gbit/s services transport over optical transport network	In force	here	here	here
G Suppl. 71 (12/2023)	Optical line termination capabilities for supporting cooperative dynamic bandwidth assignment	In force	here	here	here
G Suppl. 72 (04/2021)	Modelling consideration for optical media networks	In force	here	here	here
G Suppl. 73 (10/2021)	Influencing factors on quality of experience for multiview video (MVV) services	In force	here	here	here
G Suppl. 74 (12/2021)	Network slicing in a passive optical network context	In force	here	here	here
G Suppl. 75 (12/2021)	5G small cell backhaul/midhaul over TDM-PON	In force	here	here	here
G Suppl. 76 (12/2021)	Optical transport network security	In force	here	here	here
G Suppl. 77 (06/2022)	Supplement 77 to ITU-T G-series of Recommendations - Influencing factors on quality of experience (QoE) for video customized alerting tone (CAT) and video customized ringing signal (CRS) services	In force	here	here	here
G Suppl. 78 (09/2022)	Use case and requirements of fibre-to-the-room for small business applications	In force	here	here	here
G Suppl. 79 (12/2023)	Latency control and deterministic capability over a PON system	In force	here	here	here
G Suppl. 80 (07/2024)	Use case and requirements of fibre-based in-premises networking for home application (FIP4H)	In force	here	-	here
G Suppl. 81 (07/2024)	Practical aspects of PON security	In force	here	-	here
G Suppl. 82 (07/2024)	Enhanced optical line termination with information technology functions	In force	here	-	here
G Suppl. 83 (07/2024)	Supplement on the use of options in PTP profile with full timing support from the network	In force	here	-	here

Title	Approved on	Download
Roadmap for QoS and QoE in the ITU-T Study Group 12 context (TR-RQ)	2023	here
Considerations on the use of GNSS as a primary time reference in telecommunications	2020	here
Use of G.hn in industrial applications	2020	here
DSL story	2010	here
ISDN field trial guidelines	1991	here

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ITU-T Recommendations

ITU-T G.998.2 (11/2018)