Output Report on ITU-D Question 3/1 Emerging technologies, including cloud computing, m-services and OTTs: Challenges and opportunities, economic and policy impact for developing countries
Acknowledgments
Table of contents
List of figures
Executive summary
Abbreviations and acronyms
Chapter 1 – Introduction
     1.1 Background
     1.2 Emerging technologies
     1.3 The mobile world
     1.4 COVID-19 pandemic
Chapter 2 – Cloud computing
     2.1 Background
          2.1.1 Previous study cycle of Question 3/1
          2.1.2 Current status of research in ITU-T
     2.2 Cloud state of the art and state of the business
     2.3 New trends in cloud computing
          2.3.1 Cloud moving to the edge
          2.3.2 Move to software as a service
          2.3.3 Algorithm as a service
          2.3.4 IT as a service
     2.4 Economics for the adoption of cloud computing
          2.4.1 Enterprise cloud adoption models
          2.4.2 Different business models
          2.4.3 Data as business model
     2.5 Considerations for cloud adoption
     2.6 Trust
          2.6.1 Security
          2.6.2 Transparency
          2.6.3 Control
          2.6.4 Business continuity
     2.7 Case studies of successful cloud-computing platforms used in developed and developing countries
     2.8 Guidelines to spur development and uptake of cloud computing
Chapter 3 – M-services
     3.1 Background
     3.2 M-services state of the art and state of the business
     3.3 New trends in m-services
          3.3.1 Application integration platforms (e.g. Apple Arcade and Google Play Pass)
          3.3.2 5G
          3.3.3 Gaming genres
          3.3.4 Progressive web applications
          3.3.5 Rise of mobile health
          3.3.6 Emergence of enterprise mobile apps
          3.3.7 Increase in on-demand apps
          3.3.8 Integration of payment gateways into mobile apps
          3.3.9 Proliferation of instant apps
          3.3.10 Increase in virtual reality and augmented reality usage
          3.3.11 Use of accelerated mobile pages development
          3.3.12 Synchronizing wearable technology with m-services
          3.3.13 Widespread use of chatbots
     3.4 Policies, strategies and relevant approaches in the field of m-services
     3.5 Methods of development and deployment of m-services app economy
     3.6 Ways to promote an enabling environment for the development and deployment of m-services
          3.6.1 Government/national regulator
          3.6.2 Ministries/government agencies
          3.6.3 Telecommunication operators
          3.6.4 App developers
          3.6.5 ICT training institutions
     3.7 Case studies and best practices
     3.8 Guidelines to spur development and uptake of m-services
Chapter 4 – Over-the-top applications
     4.1 Background
     4.2 OTT state of the art and state of the business
          4.2.1 New trends in OTT
          4.2.2 Benefits of OTT
     4.3 Impacts of the provisioning of OTT
          4.3.1 Regulatory frameworks
          4.3.2 Network infrastructure
          4.3.3 Macroeconomic and microeconomic developments, including competition effect on the market
          4.3.4 Competition
          4.3.5 Evolving business models
          4.3.6 Legal frameworks and commercial partnerships for the development and deployment of OTT
          4.3.7 Economic and business model partnerships among telecommunication operators and OTT providers
     4.4 Guidelines regarding OTTs
Annexes
Annex 1: Economic impact of OTTs on national telecommunication/ICT markets
     Executive summary
     Introduction
     Context
     ITU studies on OTT
          ITU-D
          ITU-T
     Definitions
     Move to digital world
     The impact of OTTs on traditional telecommunications
          Demand
          Data traffic
          Revenues
          Costs
     OTT infrastructure investment
     MNO and OTT relationships
     Measuring social impact of OTT platforms
     Role of regulation
          Regulatory considerations
          Possible objectives for regulatory action
          Looking ahead
     Conclusions
          Regulators and decision-makers
          Telecommunication operators and OTT providers
Annex 2: Country case studies relating to cloud computing
     Background of cloud-service development on the part of telecommunication operators in China
     Major initiatives launched by telecommunication operators for cloud services
          Proactively promote the cloud transformation plan to improve cloud computing service capabilities
          Strengthen the construction of IDC (Internet data centre) resources and enhance the supply capacity of the infrastructure
          Promote the integrated development of various technologies and enhance capacity for business innovation
          Actively expand services at the PaaS and SaaS layers and enhance cloud-computing application capabilities
          Combat the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic
          Summary and suggestions
     Cloud-computing regulation in Saudi Arabia, by Axon Partners Group
     China case study
     Bhutan case study
     Islamic Republic of Iran case study
     Nigeria case study
Annex 3: Case studies relating to m-services
     Barbados case study on the m-Money service
     M-financial services case study
     Kenya case study on m-services (M-Akiba)
     Kenya case study on m-farming
Annex 4: Case studies on OTT
     Bahamas case study
     Australia case study
     Bahrain case study
     Guinea case study
     Côte d'Ivoire case study
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