Handbook on International Mobile Telecommunications (IMT) 2022 edition
Preface
Foreword
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1 Introduction
     1.1 Purpose and scope
     1.2 Vocabulary of key terms used in this Handbook
2 Usage evolution and service requirements
     2.1 Introduction
     2.2 Usage evolution
          2.2.1 Mobile Internet usage
          2.2.2 Mobile software application offerings (Apps)
          2.2.3 Video traffic
          2.2.4 Social networks on mobile
          2.2.5 Machine-to-machine traffic
          2.2.6 Other drivers of future data traffic
     2.3 Market directions
          2.3.1 Global IMT subscriber information from 2020 to 2026
          2.3.2 Device type
          2.3.3 Network and user experience improvement
          2.3.4 Policy initiatives to promote mobile broadband
     2.4 Key features of IMT
          2.4.1 Key features of IMT-2000
          2.4.2 Key features of IMT-Advanced
          2.4.3 Key features of IMT-2020
               2.4.3.1 Usage scenarions for IMT-2020 and beyond
     2.5 Servicing urban, rural and remote areas
          2.5.1 Fixed wireless access (FWA) in the mobile service
     2.6 Use of IMT for specific applications
          2.6.1 Use of IMT for PPDR applications
          2.6.2 Use of IMT for MTC applications
          2.6.3 Use of IMT for audio-visual services
          2.6.4 Vertical industries
          2.6.5 Use of IMT for transport applications
     2.7 Considerations for developing countries
3 IMT system characteristics, technologies and standards
     3.1 Introduction
     3.2 IMT system concepts and objectives
          3.2.1 Capabilities of IMT-2020
     3.3 IMT architecture and standards
          3.3.1 IMT radio access network and standards
               3.3.1.1 IMT-2000
                    3.3.1.1.1 IMT-2000 CDMA direct spread
                    3.3.1.1.2 IMT-2000 CDMA Multi-Carrier
                    3.3.1.1.3 IMT-2000 CDMA TDD
                    3.3.1.1.4 IMT-2000 TDMA single-carrier
                    3.3.1.1.5 IMT-2000 FDMA/TDMA
                    3.3.1.1.6 IMT-2000 OFDMA TDD WMAN
               3.3.1.2 IMT-Advanced
                    3.3.1.2.1 LTE-Advanced
                    3.3.1.2.2 WirelessMAN-Advanced
               3.3.1.3 IMT-2020
                    3.3.1.3.1 3GPP 5G-SRIT
                    3.3.1.3.2 3GPP 5G-RIT
                    3.3.1.3.3 5Gi
                    3.3.1.3.4 DECT 5G-SRIT
          3.3.2 IMT Core Network and standards
               3.3.2.1 Recommendation ITU-T Q.1741.8 – IMT-2000 references to Release 10 of GSM-evolved UMTS core network
               3.3.2.2 Recommendation ITU-T Q.1742.11 – IMT 2000 References (3GPP2 up to 31st December 2012) to ANSI-41 evolved Core Network with cdma2000 Access Network
          3.3.3 Collaboration and process in the development of IMT radio interface specifications
     3.4 Techniques to facilitate roaming
4 IMT spectrum
     4.1 International spectrum identified for IMT
     4.2 Frequency arrangements
     4.3 Methods to Estimate spectrum requirements for IMT
5 Regulatory issues
     5.1 Institutional aspects and arrangements
     5.2 Transparency and stakeholder involvement
     5.3 Market knowledge
     5.4 Spectrum licensing
          5.4.1 IMT licensing considerations
          5.4.2 IMT licensing principles and methods
     5.5 IMT spectrum clearing (including re-farming) guidelines
     5.6 Global circulation of terminals
     5.7 Unwanted emissions
6 Steps to consider in the deployment of IMT systems
     6.1 Key issues and questions to be considered prior to IMT network deployment
     6.2 Migration of existing wireless systems to IMT
          6.2.1 Migration strategy
          6.2.2  General migration process
          6.2.3 Some case studies
               6.2.3.1 General scenarios
               6.2.3.2  One example of network migration to LTE 1800
               6.2.3.3 Example of network migration to IMT in 900 MHz band
     6.3 Choice of technology in the identified IMT bands
          6.3.1 IMT technology considerations
          6.3.2 Satellite component of IMT
     6.4 Deployment planning
7 Criteria leading to technology decisions
     7.1 Spectrum implications, channelization and bandwidth considerations
     7.2 Importance of multi-mode/multi-band solutions
     7.3 Technology development path
     7.4 Backhaul considerations
     7.5 Technology neutrality
ANNEX A
     A.1 Abbreviations and acronyms
     A.2 Interface
     A.3 Reference point
ANNEX B
     B.1 ITU publications
          B.1.1 ITU Recommendations
          B.1.2 ITU Reports
          B.1.3 ITU Handbooks
     B.2 External publications
          B.2.1 UMTS Forum Reports
          B.2.2 GSMA publications
ANNEX C
     C.1 Location based application and services
          C.1.1 Location accuracy techniques
               C.1.1.1 Cell ID
               C.1.1.2 Cell Id +TA/ Cell ID+RTT
               C.1.1.3 E-CID {(Cell Id+TA)/(Cell ID+RTT) & NMR}
               C.1.1.4 RF Pattern Printing (RFPM)
               C.1.1.5 Uplink time duration of arrival (UTDOA) – Location management unit (LMU)
               C.1.1.6 Observed time duration of arrival (O-TDOA)
               C.1.1.7 A-GPS
          C.1.2 Factors impacting location accuracy
          C.1.3 Required features and issues in supporting LBS
ANNEX D
ANNEX E
     E.1 3GPP
     E.2 3GPP2
     E.3  IEEE
ANNEX F
     F.1 Overview of Recommendations and Reports of ITU-R related to terrestrial IMT
          F.1.1 General IMT
          F.1.2 Framework of services supported by IMT
          F.1.3 Specific applications
          F.1.4 Performance/QoS
          F.1.5 Developing countries
          F.1.6 IMT-2000
          F.1.7 IMT-Advanced
          F.1.8 IMT-2020
          F.1.9 IMT process
          F.1.10 Architecture
          F.1.11 Radio interface specifications
          F.1.12 Unwanted emissions
          F.1.13 Frequency spectrum needs
          F.1.14 Estimation methodologies
          F.1.15 Frequency spectrum needs
          F.1.16 Characteristics for sharing studies
          F.1.17 Methodologies
          F.1.18 Sharing studies
          F.1.19 Frequency implementation
          F.1.20 Technology
          F.1.21 Implementation
     F.2 Published Recommendations and Reports of ITU-R related to terrestrial IMT
     F.3 Work ongoing and underway in ITU-R WP5D
     F.4 All list of ITU-R Recommendations and Reports on IMT
ANNEX G
     G.1  Frequency resource assignments
     G.2 Coexistence between GSM and IMT in the adjacent frequencies
          G.2.1 Interference and intermodulation issues
          G.2.2 Coexistence between GSM and WCDMA
               G.2.2.1 Interference and site scenarios
               G.2.2.2 WCDMA Downlink capacity loss due to GSM
               G.2.2.3 WCDMA Uplink capacity loss due to GSM
               G.2.2.4 GSM Uplink capacity loss due to WCDMA
               G.2.2.5 GSM Downlink capacity loss due to WCDMA
               G.2.2.6 Summary
     G.3 Coexistence of various GSM/CDMA-MC/UMTS/LTE technologies in 850 and 900 MHz bands
          G.3.1  Inter-band and intra-band interference issues between 850 and 900 MHz bands
          G.3.2  Guard band requirement in inter-band case for cost-effective filtering
     G.4  Coexistence studies from CEPT between GSM and other systems