1 Scope
2
References
3
Abbreviations
4
Definitions
4.1 Private network
4.2 Public network
4.3 Quality aspects
4.4 IP based network
4.5 Network elements
4.5.1 Terminal
elements
4.5.2 Connection elements
4.5.3 Transmission elements
4.6 Types of connections
5
Reference configurations
6
Basic planning principle – the impairment factor method in
conjunction with the E‑Model
7
Parameters subject to planning and their limits
7.1 Overall Loudness Rating
7.2 Echo
7.3 Transmission time in echofree connections
7.3.1 General considerations
7.3.2 Considerations with respect to low
bit-rate coders
7.4 Stability
7.5 Quantization distortion units
7.6 Equipment impairment factor
7.6.1 Equipment impairment factor for codecs
under conditions of packet loss
7.7 Delay variation versus time
7.8 Advantage factor A
7.9 Limits at the public/private interface with respect to echo
7.9.1 Public/private network interfaces – Europe
7.9.2 Public/private network
interfaces – North America
7.10 Parameters not directly subject to transmission planning
7.10.1 Frequency response
7.10.2 Circuit noise
7.10.3 Listener echo
7.10.4 Sidetone
7.10.5 Room noise
7.10.6 Comfort noise, voice activity detection
7.10.7 Forward error correction
7.11 Synchronization
8
Calculation of end-to-end parameters
8.1 Overall loudness rating
8.2 Talker echo
8.2.1 Calculation for connections with one echo
path
8.2.2 Calculation for connections with two echo
paths
8.3 Transmission time in echofree connections
8.4 Quantization distortion units
8.5 Equipment impairment factor
8.6 Equipment impairment factor for codecs under conditions of
packet loss
8.7 Delay variation versus time
9
Application of the E-Model in planning practice
9.1 General
9.2 Reference configurations
9.3 Handling of the input parameters
9.4 Interpretation of the results
9.5 Application of the E-Model for configurations with two echo
paths
9.6 Use of computer programs
9.7 Default values and parameter ranges
10 Rules for the insertion of echo
cancellers
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Characteristics of the echo cancellers
10.3 Limits for the application of echo cancellers
10.4 Determination of the location
10.5 Handling of echo cancellers in the E-Model
11 Realization of planning
11.1 General
11.2 Determination of the specific requirements
11.3 Definition of the reference configurations
11.4 Determination of the transmission parameters
11.5 End-to-end calculation with the E-Model
11.6 Analysis of the results
Annex A – Transmission parameters for specific elements
A.1 Elements in private and/or IP based networks
A.1.1 Wired telephone sets
A.1.2 Wireless telephone sets (including
cordless)
A.1.3 Switching equipment
A.1.4 IP gateways
A.1.5 Leased lines and tie trunks
A.1.6 Privately owned cable links
A.1.7 Satellite links
A.1.8 Low bit-rate coding
A.1.9 Packetized voice
A.1.10 Echo cancellers
A.2 Transmission parameters of public networks
A.2.1 Loss
A.2.2 Mean one-way
delay
A.2.3 Echo loss
A.2.4 Insertion of echo cancellers
A.2.5 Quantization distortion units (qdu)
A.2.6 Equipment impairment values (Ie)
A.2.7 IP
transmission related parameters
A.3 Transmission parameter of the far-end termination
A.3.1 European far-end termination scenarios
A.3.2 North American far-end termination scenarios
Annex B – Planning examples
B.1 Planning example for the European scenario
B.1.1 Description of the network and user's
demand
B.1.2 Definition of reference configurations
B.1.3 Determination of the transmission
parameters
B.1.4 End-to-end calculation with the E-Model
B.1.5 Analysis of the results
B.1.6 Application of echo cancellers
B.2 Planning example for the North American scenario
B.2.1 Definition of reference configurations
B.2.2 Determination of the transmission
parameters
B.2.3 End-to-end calculation with the E-Model
B.2.4
Reference configuration 1a (analogue set @ A, analogue set @ B)
B.2.5 Reference configuration 1b (digital set @
A, analogue set @ B)
B.2.6 Reference configuration 2 (portable
connection scenario)
B.2.7 Reference configuration 3a (analogue set
@ B)
B.2.8 Reference configuration 3b (digital set @
side B)
B.3 Planning example for IP transmission based scenarios
Annex C – Echo control in specific applications
C.1 Effective echo paths
C.1.1 Echo path 1: for talker at the cordless
telephone
C.1.2 Echo path 2: for talker at the cordless
telephone
C.1.3 Echo path 3: for talker at the cordless
telephone
C.1.4 Echo path 4: for talker of the public
network
C.1.5 Echo path 5: for talker of the public
network
C.1.6 Echo path 6: for talker of the public
network in an international call
C.2 Operation of echo cancellers and soft suppressors
C.3 Provision of echo control for the talker of the public network