CONTENTS

 1     General considerations
        1.1     Objectives
        1.2     Deployment of xDSL technologies
        1.3     xDSL: Technical problems
        1.4     Transmission medium
 2     Recommended requirements
        2.1     Minimum ISDN, HDSL, ADSL and UADSL requirements
        2.2     Digital local line physical characteristics
        2.3     Digital Local Line electrical and transmission characteristics
        2.4     Principal electrical and transmission characteristics for ISDN, HDSL, ADSL and UADSL services and systems
                  2.4.1     Insertion loss
                  2.4.2     Crosstalk
                  2.4.3     Unbalance to earth
                  2.4.4     Impulse noise
Appendix I -Bridge Taps (BT): Effect of the loss due to the length of a bridge tap
Appendix II - France Telecom experience
       II.1     Mass deployment of ADSL: loop qualification process
       II.2     Maximum reach of ADSL systems
       II.3     On field quality of the copper pair