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Protection against interference  
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K.1

[Withdrawn] Connection to earth of an audio-frequency telephone line in cable  
Deleted after its content became technically out of date

K.2

[Withdrawn] Protection of repeater power-feeding systems against interference from neighbouring electricity lines  
Deleted after its content became technically out of date

K.3

[Withdrawn] Interference caused by audio-frequency signals injected into a power distribution network  
Deleted after its content became technically out of date

K.4

[Withdrawn] Disturbance to signalling  
Deleted after its content became technically out of date

K.5

Joint use of poles for electricity distribution and for telecommunications  

K.6

Precautions at crossings  

K.7

Protection against acoustic shock  

K.8

Separation in the soil between telecommunication cables and earthing system of power facilities  

K.9

Protection of telecommunication staff and plant against a large earth potential due to a neighbouring electric traction line  

K.10

Low frequency interference due to unbalance about earth of telecommunication equipment  

K.11

Principles of protection against overvoltages and overcurrents  

K.12

Characteristics of gas discharge tubes for the protection of telecommunications installations  

K.13

Induced voltages in cables with plastic-insulated conductors  

K.14

Provision of a metallic screen in plastic-sheathed cables  

K.15

[Withdrawn] Protection of remote-feeding systems and line repeaters against lightning and interference from neighbouring electricity lines  

K.16

[Withdrawn] Simplified calculation method for estimating the effect of magnetic induction from power lines on remote-fed repeaters in coaxial pair telecommunication systems  
Rec. K.16 was withdrawn because it deals only with calculation methods contained in the "Directives - Volume II: Calculating induced voltages and currents in practical cases" without giving any limit

K.17

[Withdrawn] Tests on power-fed repeaters using solid-state devices in order to check the arrangements for protection from external interference  

K.18

Calculation of voltage induced into telecommunication lines from radio station broadcasts and methods of reducing interference  

K.19

Joint use of trenches and tunnels for telecommunication and power cables  

K.20

Resistibility of telecommunication equipment installed in a telecommunication centre to overvoltages and overcurrents  

K.21

Resistibility of telecommunication equipment installed in customer premises to overvoltages and overcurrents  

K.22

[Withdrawn] Overvoltage resistibility of equipment connected to an ISDN T/S bus  

K.23

Types of induced noise and description of noise voltage parameters for ISDN basic user networks  

K.24

Method for measuring radio-frequency induced noise on telecommunications pairs  

K.25

[Withdrawn] Protection of optical fibre cables  
This Recommendation was deleted on 2013-01-25 since its requirements have been incoroporated in revised Rec ITU-T K.47 (05/2012)

K.26

Protection of telecommunication lines against harmful effects from electric power and electrified railway lines  

K.27

Bonding configurations and earthing inside a telecommunication building  

K.28

Parameters of thyristor-based surge protective devices for the protection of telecommunication installations  

K.29

Coordinated protection schemes for telecommunication cables below ground  

K.30

[Withdrawn] Self-restoring overcurrent protectors  

K.31

[Withdrawn] Bonding configurations and earthing of telecommunication installations inside a subscriber's building  
ITU-T K.31 was deleted on 2008-08-09 after the incorporation of the relevant part of this Recommendation in ITU-T K.73 (2008)

K.32

[Withdrawn] Immunity requirements and test methods for electrostatic discharge to telecommunication equipment - Generic EMC Recommendation  
The content of this Recommendation has been superseded by ITU-T K.43 (1998) and K.48 (2000)

K.33

[Withdrawn] Limits for people safety related to coupling into telecommunications system from a.c. electric power and a.c. electrified railway installations in fault conditions  
ITU-T K.33 was deleted on 2008-08-09 after the incorporation of the relevant information contained in this Recommendation into the revised the Directives Volume VI (2008)

K.34

Classification of electromagnetic environmental conditions for telecommunication equipment - Basic EMC Recommendation  

K.35

Bonding configurations and earthing at remote electronic sites  

K.36

Selection of protective devices  

K.37

Low and high frequency electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) mitigation techniques for telecommunication installations and systems - Basic EMC Recommendation  

K.38

Radiated emission test procedure for physically large systems  

K.39

Risk assessment of damages to telecommunication sites due to lightning discharges  

K.40

Protection against lightning electromagnetic impulses in telecommunication centres  

K.41

[Withdrawn] Resistibility of internal interfaces of telecommunication centres to surge overvoltages  

K.42

General principle for the definition of emission and immunity requirements for telecommunication/ICT equipment  

K.43

[Withdrawn] Immunity requirements for telecommunication network equipment  
This Recommendation was superseded on 4 February 2023 as its contents were included in ITU-T K.136, ITU-T K.137 and other K-series Recommendations.

K.44

Resistibility tests for telecommunication equipment exposed to overvoltages and overcurrents - Basic Recommendation  

K.Imp44

Implementers' Guide for Recommendation ITU-T K.44 (2008-04)  

K.45

Resistibility of telecommunication equipment installed in the access and trunk networks to overvoltages and overcurrents  

K.46

Protection of telecommunication lines using metallic symmetric conductors against lightning-induced surges  

K.47

Protection of telecommunication lines against direct lightning flashes  

K.48

[Withdrawn] EMC requirements for telecommunication equipment - Product family Recommendation  
This Recommendation was superseded on 4 February 2023 as its contents were included in ITU-T K.136, ITU-T K.137 and other K-series Recommendations.

K.49

Test requirements and performance criteria for voice terminal telephones subject to disturbance from digital mobile telecommunications systems  

K.50

Safe limits for operating voltages and currents of telecommunication systems powered over the network  

K.51

Safety criteria for telecommunication equipment  

K.52

Guidance on complying with limits for human exposure to electromagnetic fields  

K.53

[Withdrawn] Values of induced voltages on telecommunication installations to establish telecom and a.c. power and railway operators responsibilities  
ITU-T K.53 was deleted on 2008-08-09 after the incorporation of the relevant information of this Recommendation in ITU-T K.68 (2008)

K.54

Conducted immunity test method and level at fundamental power frequencies  
El título español fue cambiado por un erratum el 09/08/2002

K.55

Overvoltage and overcurrent requirements for insulation displacement connectors (IDC) terminations  

K.56

Protection of radio base stations against lightning discharges  

K.57

Protection measures for radio base stations sited on power line towers  

K.58

EMC, resistibility and safety requirements and guidance for determining responsibility under co-located information and communication technology installations  

K.59

Electromagnetic compatibility, resistibility and safety requirements and procedures for connection to unbundled cables  

K.60

Emission levels and test methods for wireline telecommunication networks to minimize electromagnetic disturbance of radio services  

K.61

Guidance on measurement and numerical prediction of electromagnetic fields for compliance with human exposure limits for telecommunication installations  

K.62

System level radiated emissions compliance using mathematical modelling  

K.63

Maintaining the suitability of production telecommunications equipment to its intended electromagnetic environment  

K.64

Safe working practices for outside equipment installed in particular environments  

K.65

Overvoltage and overcurrent requirements for termination modules with contacts for test ports or surge protective devices  

K.66

Protection of customer premises from overvoltages  

K.67

Expected surges on telecommunications and signalling networks due to lightning  

K.68

Operator responsibilities in the management of electromagnetic interference by power systems on telecommunication systems  

K.69

Maintenance of protective measures  

K.70

Mitigation techniques to limit human exposure to EMFs in the vicinity of radiocommunication stations  

K.71

Protection of customer antenna installations  

K.72

Protection of telecommunication lines using metallic conductors against lightning - Risk management  

K.73

Shielding and bonding for cables between buildings  

K.74

Electromagnetic compatibility, resistibility and safety requirements for home network devices  

K.75

Classification of interface for application of standards on resistibility and safety of telecommunication equipment  

K.76

Electromagnetic compatibility requirements for DC power ports of telecommunication network equipment in frequencies below 150 kHz  

K.77

Characteristics of metal oxide varistors for the protection of telecommunication installations  

K.78

High altitude electromagnetic pulse immunity guide for telecommunication centres  

K.79

Electromagnetic characterization of the radiated environment in the 2.4 GHz ISM band  

K.80

EMC requirements for telecommunication network equipment in the frequency range 1 GHz-40 GHz  

K.81

High-power electromagnetic immunity guide for telecommunication systems  

K.82

Characteristics and ratings of solid-state, self-restoring overcurrent protectors for the protection of telecommunications installations  

K.83

Monitoring of electromagnetic field levels  

K.84

Test methods and guide against information leaks through unintentional electromagnetic emissions  

K.85

Requirements for the mitigation of lightning effects on home networks installed in customer premises  

K.86

Method for measuring longitudinal conversion loss (9 kHz - 30 MHz)  

K.87

Guide for the application of electromagnetic security requirements - Overview  

K.88

[Withdrawn] EMC requirements for next generation network equipment  
This Recommendation was superseded on 4 February 2023 as its contents were included in ITU-T K.136, ITU-T K.137 and other K-series Recommendations.

K.89

Protection of persons inside a structure using telecommunication services provided by metallic conductors against lightning - Risk management  

K.90

Evaluation techniques and working procedures for compliance with exposure limits of network operator personnel to power-frequency electromagnetic fields  

K.91

Guidance for assessment, evaluation and monitoring of human exposure to radio frequency electromagnetic fields  

K.92

Conducted and radiated electromagnetic environment in home networking  

K.93

Immunity of home network devices to electromagnetic disturbances  

K.94

Mutual disturbance test method for evaluating performance degradation of converged terminal devices  

K.95

Surge parameters of isolating transformers used in telecommunication devices and equipment  

K.96

Surge protective components: Overview of surge mitigation functions and technologies  

K.97

Lightning protection of distributed base stations  

K.98

Overvoltage protection guide for telecommunication equipment installed in customer premises  

K.99

Surge protective component application guide - Gas discharge tubes  

K.100

Measurement of radio frequency electromagnetic fields to determine compliance with human exposure limits when a base station is put into operation  

K.101

Shielding factors for lightning protection  

K.102

Parameters of fixed-voltage thyristor overvoltage protector components used for the protection of telecommunication installations  

K.103

Surge protective component application guide - Silicon PN junction components  

K.104

Method for identifying the transfer potential of the earth potential rise from high or medium voltage networks to the earthing system or neutral of low voltage networks  

K.105

Lightning protection of photovoltaic power supply systems feeding radio base stations  

K.106

Techniques to mitigate interference between radio devices and cable or equipment connected to wired broadband networks and cable television networks  

K.107

Method for determining the impedance to earth of earthing systems  

K.108

Joint use of poles by telecommunication and solidly earthed power lines  

K.109

Installation of telecommunication equipment on utility poles  

K.110

Lightning protection of the dedicated transformer for radio base stations  

K.111

Protection of surrounding structures of telecommunication towers against lightning  

K.112

Lightning protection, earthing and bonding: Practical procedures for radio base stations  

K.113

Generation of radiofrequency electromagnetic field level maps  

K.114

Electromagnetic compatibility requirements and measurement methods for digital cellular mobile communication base station equipment  

K.115

Mitigation methods against electromagnetic security threats  

K.116

Electromagnetic compatibility requirements and test methods for radio telecommunication terminal equipment  

K.117

Primary protector parameters for the surge protection of equipment Ethernet ports  

K.118

Requirements for lightning protection of fibre to the distribution point equipment  

K.119

Conformance assessment of radio base stations regarding lightning protection and earthing  

K.120

Lightning protection and earthing of a miniature base station  

K.121

Guidance on the environmental management for compliance with radio frequency EMF limits for radiocommunication base stations  

K.122

Exposure levels in close proximity of radiocommunication antennas  

K.123

Electromagnetic compatibility requirements for electrical equipment in telecommunication facilities  

K.124

Overview of particle radiation effects on telecommunication systems  

K.125

Dangerous effects and protective measures against electromagnetic disturbances when an Internet data centre is co-sited with a high-voltage substation  

K.126

Surge protective component application guide - High frequency signal isolation transformers  

K.127

Immunity requirements for telecommunication equipment in close proximity use of wireless devices  

K.128

Surge protective component application guide - metal oxide varistor (MOV) components  

K.129

Characteristics and ratings of silicon PN junction voltage clamping components used for the protection of telecommunication installations  

K.130

Neutron irradiation test methods for telecommunication equipment  

K.131

Design methodologies for telecommunication systems applying soft error measures  

K.132

Electromagnetic compatibility requirements of electromagnetic disturbances from lighting equipment located in telecommunication facilities  

K.133

Electromagnetic environment of body-worn equipment in the 2.4 GHz and 13.56 MHz industrial, scientific and medical band  

K.134

Protection of small-size telecommunication installations with poor earthing conditions  

K.135

Technical parameters for residual current operated protective devices with automatic reclosing feature for telecom applications  

K.136

Electromagnetic compatibility requirements for radio telecommunication equipment  

K.137

Electromagnetic compatibility requirements and measurement methods for wireline telecommunication network equipment  

K.138

Quality estimation methods and application guidelines for mitigation measures based on particle radiation tests  

K.139

Reliability requirements for telecommunication systems affected by particle radiation  

K.140

Surge protective component application guide - Fuses  

K.141

Electromagnetic compatibility requirements for information perception equipment  

K.142

Lightning protection and earthing of video surveillance systems  

K.143

Guidance on safety relating to the use of surge protective devices and surge protective components in telecommunication terminal equipment  

K.144

Surge protective component application guide - Self-restoring thermally activated overcurrent protectors  

K.145

Assessment and management of compliance with radio frequency electromagnetic field exposure limits for workers at radiocommunication sites and facilities  

K.146

Interference management for telecommunication transmissions over copper lines for signals other than speech  

K.147

Protection of digital ports connected to balanced pairs of conductors  

K.148

Multiservice surge protective device application guide  

K.149

Passive intermodulation test methods of array antenna systems in mobile communication systems  

K.150

Information of semiconductor devices required for the design of telecommunication equipment applying soft error mitigation measures  

K.151

Electrical safety and lightning protection of medium voltage input and up to ±400 VDC output power system in ICT data centres and telecommunication centres  

K.152

Electromagnetic compatibility requirements for power equipment in telecommunication facilities  

K.153

Guidance on determining the compliance boundaries (exclusion zones) of radio transmitter installations  

K.154

Operating telecommunication facilities using lightning strikes data obtained from lightning location systems  

K.156

Time and spatial averaging in RF-EMF exposure assessment  

K.157

Electromagnetic compatibility requirements and test methods for satellite communication terminal equipment  

K.Sup30

ITU-T K.118 - Requirements for lightning protection of fibre to the distribution point equipment - Overview  

K.Sup27

The 100 kHz ring wave generator  

K.Sup1

ITU-T K.91 - Guide on electromagnetic fields and health  

K.Sup2

ITU-T K.52 - Calculator for equivalent isotropic radiated power as described in Recommendation ITU-T K.52  

K.Sup3

ITU-T K.20, K.21, K.45, K.82 - Additional criteria to protect telecommunication cabling during a power cross event  

K.Sup4

ITU-T K.91 - Electromagnetic field considerations in smart sustainable cities  

K.Sup5

ITU-T K.81 - Estimation examples of the high-power electromagnetic threat and vulnerability for telecommunication systems  

K.Sup6

ITU-T K.115 - Measuring shielding effectiveness using normalized site attenuation in free space  

K.Sup7

ITU-T K.44 - AC supply configurations  

K.Sup8

Resistibility analysis of 5G systems  

K.Sup9

5G technology and human exposure to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields  

K.Sup10

Analysis of electromagnetic compatibility aspects and definition of requirements for 5G mobile systems  

K.Sup11

ITU-T K.131 - Soft error measures for field programmable gate arrays  

K.Sup12

ITU-T K.51 - Potential hazards of narrow pin spacing in connectors  

K.Sup13

Radiofrequency electromagnetic field (RF-EMF) exposure levels from mobile and portable devices during different conditions of use  

K.Sup14

The impact of RF-EMF exposure limits stricter than the ICNIRP or IEEE guidelines on 4G and 5G mobile network deployment  

K.Sup15

ITU-T K.20, K.21 and K.44 - Internal DC powering interface surge testing factors  

K.Sup16

Electromagnetic field compliance assessments for 5G wireless networks  

K.Sup17

ITU-T K.44 - Test conditions and methods information  

K.Sup18

ITU-T K.44 - Causes of telecommunication system overvoltage and overcurrent conditions and their expected levels  

K.Sup19

Electromagnetic field (EMF) strength inside underground railway trains  

K.Sup20

ITU-T K.91 - Supplement on radiofrequency exposure evaluation around underground base stations  

K.Sup21

ITU-T K.21 - Rationale for setting resistibility requirements of telecommunication equipment installed in customer premises against lightning  

K.Sup22

ITU-T K.45 - Rationale for setting resistibility requirements of telecommunication equipment installed in the access and trunk networks against lightning  

K.Sup23

Ethernet port surge voltages and currents  

K.Sup24

ITU-T K.20 - Rationale for setting resistibility requirements of telecommunication equipment installed in a telecommunication centre against lightning  

K.Sup25

ITU-T K.117 - Long reach single twisted-pair Ethernet resistibility testing  

K.Sup26

ITU-T K.114 - Analysis of electromagnetic compatibility requirements and test methods of 5G active antenna system base stations  

K.Sup28

Electric shock and related terms and definitions  

K.Sup29

Electromagnetic field strength inside and outside of electric vehicles using wireless power transfer technology  

K.Sup31

ITU-T K.118 - Requirements for lightning protection of fibre to the distribution point equipment - Modelling earth potential rise  

K.Sup32

Case studies of radio frequency- electromagnetic field (RF-EMF) assessment  

 

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Updated : 2024-10-15