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Frontier Technologies - more resources

Including topics on Artificial Intelligence, Internet of Things, Blockchain and other technologies. It features the latest resources related to the environmental aspects of these technologies and corresponding impacts.

Learn more about ITU’s work on frontier technologies.
Artificial Intelligence

Internet of Things

Blockchain

Digital twin

Metaverse

Other aspects

Recent resources

Artificial intelligence

2021

Artificial intelligence, blockchain and the future of Europe - European Investment Bank
Designing Artificial Intelligence Technologies for Older Adults – WEF
Real-time quantized image super-resolution onmobile NPUs, mobile ai 2021 challenge: Report – IEEE
Artificial intelligence in information systems research: A systematic literature review and research agenda – Elsevier
The promise of artificial intelligence: a review of the opportunities and challenges of artificial intelligence in healthcare – Oxford Academic
Green Artificial Intelligence: Towards an Efficient, Sustainable and Equitable Technology for Smart Cities and Futures – MDPI
Data Mining Algorithms for Smart Cities: A Bibliometric Analysis – MDPI
Big Data in Smart City: Management Challenges – MDPI
Explainable Artificial Intelligence: An Analytical Review – Wiley
2021 AI Index Report – Stanford University
Machine Learning in Wireless Sensor Networks for Smart Cities: A Survey– MDPI

2020

Contributions and Risks of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Building Smarter Cities: Insights from a Systematic Review of the Literature – MDPI
Tech Trends Report: Solving Worlds Challenges – Smart Dubai
The role of artificial intelligence in achieving the Sustainable Development Goals – Nature
Governing Artificial Intelligence to benefit the UN Sustainable Development Goals – Wiley
Ethics of using smart city ai and big data: the case of four large european cities – Sherpa
Guidance on the AI auditing framework - ICO
A European strategy for data - European Commission
Shaping Europe's digital future - European Commission
White Paper on Artificial Intelligence: a European approach to excellence and trust - European Commission
A Europe fit for the digital age - European Commission
A Predictive Analysis on Emerging Technology Utilization in Industrialized Construction in the United States and China – MDPI
Towards sustainable energy materials: broadening life cycle assessment for emerging technology development and resource-effective choices – University of Waterloo
2019

How AI can enable a sustainable future – PWC

Using AI to help achieve Sustainable Development Goals – UNEP

Internet of Things technologies for future of Smart Cities: artificial intelligence - International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology

From Siloed to Distributed: blockchain enables the digital supply network – Deloitte

Estimating the Heating Load of Buildings for Smart City Planning Using a Novel Artificial Intelligence Technique PSO-XGBoost - MDPI

A Comparative Study of PSO-ANN, GA-ANN, ICA-ANN, and ABC-ANN in Estimating the Heating Load of Buildings' Energy Efficiency for Smart City Planning – MDPI

Artificial Intelligence in Cities of the Future - Viable Cities

Overcoming data scarcity in flood hazard assessment using remote sensing and artificial neural network - Smart Water

Understanding and modeling climate impacts on ecosystem dynamics with FLUXNET data and artificial intelligence - IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science

Data Mining and Machine Learning to Promote Smart Cities: A Systematic Review from 2000 to 2018 – MDPI
2018
Application of Computational Intelligence to Improve Education in Smart Cities – MDPI (2018)
The State of Artificial Intelligence in 2018: A Good Old-Fashioned Report Industry 4.0: Are you ready? – Deloitte (2018)
Harnessing Artificial Intelligence for the Earth – World Economic Forum (2018)
Fourth Industrial Revolution for Earth: Harnessing Artificial Intelligence for the Earth – PWC (2018)
The Age of Artificial Intelligence: Towards a European Strategy for Human-Centric Machine – European Commission (2018)
AI and the Manufacturing and Service Industry in India – The Centre for Internet and Society (2018)
Fight Futures of Work: Scenarios and Their Implications – World Economic Forum (2018)
2017
Thinking Ahead: Innovation Through Artificial Intelligence - Callaghan Innovation
New Artificial Intelligence Technology Improving Fuel Efficiency and Reducing CO2 Emissions of Ships through Use of Operational Big Data – Fujitsu (2017)
AI Technology for Quickly Solving Urban Security Positioning Problems – Fujitsu (2017)
Application of Artificial Intelligence Technology in Product Design – Fujitsu (2017)
Artificial Intelligence in Asia and the Pacific – UNESCAP (2017)
Leveraging the Upcoming Disruptions form AI and IoT – PWC (2017)
Why Effective AI Training Holds the Key for Unlocking IoT Value – Accenture (2017)
A Remarkable Resurgence of Artificial Intelligence and its Impact on Automation and Autonomy – NIST (2017)
Big data, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning and Data Protection – ICO (2017)
The Fourth Revolution is now: Are you ready? Future of Operations – Deloitte (2017)
Rising Digitalization, Industry 4.0, Smart Cities and the Opportunities on the Life Sciences Market in Turkey – Switzerland Global Enterprise (2017)
Artificial Intelligence and Robotics and Their Impact on the Workplace – IBA (2017)
Intelligent Manufacturing: an Industrial Revolution for the Digital Age – Barclays plc (2017)
Impact of the Fourth Industrial Revolution on Supply Chain – World Economic Forum (2017)
The New Digital Economy and Development – UNCTAD (2017)
Industry 4.0: Opportunities behind the challenge – UNIDO (2017)
2016
Utilization of AI in the Manufacturing Sector: Case Studies and Outlook for Linked Factories – Hitachi (2016)

internet of things

2021

Ontology Landscape – Alliance for IoT and Edge Computing Innovation
Emerging Communication Technologies & Use Cases in IoT Domain – TEC
IoT/ICT Enablement in Smart Village and Agriculture – TEC
Code of Practice for Securing Consumer Internet of Things (IoT) – TEC
A Study of the Adoption of Internet of Things (IoT) among Maltese Businesses – Tech.mt
Sensors for Sustainable Smart Cities: A Review – MDPI
Robust Downlink Mechanism for Industrial Internet of Things Using LoRaWAN Networks – MDPI
Cloud Based Smart City Services for Industrial Internet of Things in Software-Defined Networking – MDPI
IoT-Enabled Smart Cities: Evolution and Outlook – MDPI
Emerging Internet of Things Solutions and Technologies – MDPI
Wearables and Internet of Things (IoT) Technologies for Fitness Assessment: A Systematic Review – MDPI
IoT in Smart Cities: A Contemporary Survey – Elsevier
Green Internet of Things (GIoT): Applications, Practices, Awareness, and Challenges – IEEE
Security in 5G-Enabled Internet of Things Communication: Issues, Challenges, and Future Research Roadmap – IEEE
IoT in Smart Cities: A Survey of Technologies, Practices and Challenges – MDPI
IoT and Big Data Applications in Smart Cities: Recent Advances, Challenges, and Critical Issues– IEEE

2020

2019

IoT for the Failure of Climate-Change Mitigation and Adaptation and IIoT as a Future Solution - World Journal of Environmental Engineering
Internet of Things (IoT) and the Energy Sector – MDPI
Turning Digital Technology Innovation into Climate Action – ITU
Internet of Things for Smart Cities - Technologies, Big Data and Security - Springer
Collaboration of Drone and Internet of Public Safety Things in Smart Cities: An Overview of QoS and Network Performance Optimization – MDPI
Digital Transformation for a Sustainable Society in the 21st Century - Springer
Survey on Collaborative Smart Drones and Internet of Things for Improving Smartness of Smart Cities – IEEE
Toward Understanding Crowd Mobility in Smart Cities through the Internet of Things – IEEE
Intelligent Edge Computing for IoT-Based Energy Management in Smart Cities – IEEE
Constrained application for mobility management using embedded devices in the Internet of Things based urban planning in smart cities - Elsevier
The Internet of Things for Intelligent Transportation Systems in Real Smart Cities Scenarios - IEEE
Smartcities and internet of things - Routledge (Taylor & Francis Group)
Internet of Things for enabling smart environments: A technology-centric perspective - Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Smart Environments
Green IOT- Issues and Challenges - International Conference on Advanced Computing and Software Engineering (ICACSE)
Ethics Guidelines for Trustworthy AI – EU
The CE-IoT Framework for Green ICT Organizations - University of Crete

2018

New report claims spending on IoT cybersecurity to rise by 300% – Smart Cities World Forum (2018)
Standardization and Certification of Safety, Security and Privacy in the Internet of Things – EU (2018)
The Internet of Things for Smart Cities – PWC (2018)
Wireless Energy Transfer Powered Wireless Sensor Node for Green IoT: Design, Implementation and Evaluation - European Conference on Networks and Communications (EuCNC) (2018)
How Greater China is Set to Lead the Global Industrial IOT Market – GSMA (2018)
Ericsson Mobility Report – Ericsson (2018)
Industrial Internet of Things: Safety and Security Protocol – World Economic Forum (2018)
Internet of Things: Guidelines for Sustainability – World Economic Forum (2018)
Security, privacy and trust of different layers in Internet-of-Things (IoTs) framework – Elsevier B.V(2018)
A hybrid model of Internet of Things and cloud computing to manage big data in health services applications – Elsevier B.V (2018)
Secure Medical Data Transmission Model for IoT-based Healthcare Systems – IEEE (2018)
CRRP Analysis of Cloud Computing in Smart Grid – CISIS (2018)
Fog Computing and Its Role in the Internet of Things: Concept, Security and Privacy Issues – International Journal of Computer Applications (2018)
On Cyber Risk Management of Blockchain Networks: A Game Theoretic Approach – Arxiv (2018)
On and Off-Blockchain Enforcement Of Smart Contracts – Newcastle University (2018)
Greening Internet of Things for Smart Everythings with A Green-Environment Life: A Survey and Future Prospects – Arxiv (2018)
Edge Computing is the Key to Unlocking IoT – Technology Decisions (2018)
The Effect of the Internet of Things on Sustainability – World Economic Forum (2018)
Internet of Things Guidelines for Sustainability – World Economic Forum (2018)
Using Blockchain to Secure the Internet of Things – the Conversation (2018)
10 IoT Initiatives for a More Sustainable Future – IoT for all (2018)
5G Security – Enabling a Trustworthy 5G System – Ericsson (2018)
What Does IoT mean for Sustainable Business and Living? – The Unilever Foundry (2018)

2017

A Review of Smart Cities Based on the Internet of Things Concept – MDPI (2017)
Towards a Foundation for a Collaborative Replicable Smart Cities IoT Architecture – NIST (2017)
Enabling Smart Cities with IoT – IoT Alliance Australia (2017)
Overcoming the Heterogeneity in the Internet of Things for Smart Cities – Insight Centre for Data Analytics (2017)
Evolving privacy: From sensors to the Internet of Things – Elsevier B.V (2017)
Distributed attack detection scheme using deep learning approach for Internet of Things – Elsevier B.V (2017)
An Internet of Things-based health prescription assistant and its security system design – Elsevier B.V (2017)
IoT Platform for Comprehensive Coordination of IoT Systems – Fujitsu (2017)
The Application of the Internet of Things to Enhance Urban Sustainability – University of Michigan (2017)
Capitalizing on the Sustainable Benefit of the IoT: Observations form the Living Progress Exchange – Hewlett Packard Enterprise (2017)
The Internet of Things in the Power Sector – Asian Development Bank (2017)
Cost Benefit Analysis of Edge Micro Data Center Deployments – Schneider Electric (2017)
EC-IoT: An Open IoT Architecture – Huawei (2017)
Fog Computing for Sustainable Smart Cities – ACM (2017)
3GPP SA2 architecture and functions for 5G mobile communication system – Elsevier (2017)
A survey on LPWA technology: LoRa and NB-IoT – Elsevier (2017)
African IoT 2017 – Liquid Telecom (2017)
An experimental study of a reliable IoT gateway – Elsevier (2017)
Cybersecurity policy for the Internet of Things - Microsoft (2017)
Internet of Things Framework for Home Care Systems – Hindawi (2017)
Internet of Things - Status and implications of an increasingly connected world – GAO (2017)
IoT Architecture for a Sustainable Tourism Application in a Smart City Environment – Hindawi (2017)
IoT Security – Ericsson (2017)
The Internet of Things Business Index 2017 – Transformation in Motion – The Economist (2017)

2016

Unleashing the potential of the Internet of Things – ITU (2016)
Catalyzing the Inter of Things and Smart Cities – NIST (2016)
Human Centric IoT – Fujitsu (2016)
IoT & Sustainability: Practice, Policy and Promises – CITRIS (2016)
Smart Buildings – How IoT technology aims to add value for real estate companies – Deloitte (2016)
The Drivers and Benefits of Edge Computing – Schneider Electric (2016)
Internet of Things – The Sustainable Industrial Revolution - yourSRI (2016)
Creating Sustainable IoT Success: Making the Internet of Things smart, secure and power -efficient – Infineon (2016)
Economic and technological aspects of using IoT for sustainable environment management – University of Brasov (2016)
Harnessing the Internet of Things for Global Development – ITU (2016)
Internet of Things – Converging Technologies for Smart Environments and Integrated Ecosystems – Vermesan, Ovidiu - SINTEF, Norway, Friess, Peter - (EU) (2016)
Enabling the Internet of Things - BEREC (2016)
Internet of Things - Human-machine interactions that unlock possibilities - Media & Entertainment - EYGM (2016)
IoT Security Guidelines - GSMA (2016)
Low power wide area network: Which technology for M2M and IoT infrastructures? - LPWAN16 Conference (2016)
IoT Standards – State-of-the-Art-Analysis – Unify-IoT (2016)

2015

The Internet of Things – Opportunities and Challenges – European Parliament (2015)
Industrial Internet of Things: Unleashing the Potential of Connected Products and Services – World Economic Forum (2015)
The Internet of Things: Mapping the Values Beyond the Hype – Mckinsey Global institute (2015)
GSR discussion paper Regulation and the Internet of Things - ITU (2015)
Internet of Things: Features, Challenges, and Vulnerabilities - IJACSIT (2015)
Internet of Things IoT Semantic Interoperability: Research Challenges, Best Practices, Recommendations and Next Steps - European Research Cluster On the Internet of Things (2015)
Scalability of Machine to Machine systems and the Internet of Things on LTE mobile networks - 2015 IEEE 16th International Symposium on a World of Wireless, Mobile and Multimedia Networks (WoWMoM) (2015)
The Internet of Things and the Fourth Amendment of Effects - University of the District of Columbia
The Internet of Things: Mapping the value beyond the hype - McKinsey Global Institute (2015)
The power is on - How IoT technology is driving energy innovation - DeloItte University Press (2015)
Understanding Wireless Connectivity in the Industrial IoT - Texas Instruments (2015)
Web-Based Management of the Internet of Things - Internet Computing, IEEE (2015)

2014

A comparative study of cyber physical cloud, cloud of sensors and internet of things: Their ideology, similarities and differences - Advance Computing Conference (IACC), 2014 IEEE International (2014)
A Distributed Consensus Algorithm for Decision Making in Service-Oriented Internet of Things - IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics
A New Approach to Integrate Internet-of-Things and Software-as-a-Service Model for Logistic Systems: A Case Study - Institute of Manufacturing Information and Systems, National Cheng Kung University (2014)
Collecting data in Internet of Things - Emc Corporation (2014)
Community Systems, Sensor Monitoring, and the Internet of Things: ACase Study about Feed Denton Community Compost - University of North Texas (2014)
Conception of ID layer performance at the network level for Internet of Things - Personal and Ubiquitous Computing (2014)
Digital Evidence Challenges in the Internet of Things - Proceeding of the Tenth International Network Conference (INC 2014) (2014)
Establishing groups of Internet of Things (IoT) devices and enabling communication among the groups of IoT devices - Qualcomm Incorporated (2014)
How IoT, AAI can contribute to smart home and smart cities services: The role of innovation - Aalborg University Copenhagen (2014)
On the Internet of Things, smart cities and the WHO Healthy Cities - International Journal of Health Geographics (2014)
Organizing and Querying the Big Sensing Data with Event-Linked Network in the Internet of Things - International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks (2014)
The Internet of Things - MIT Technology Review, Business Report (2014)
The Internet of Things Will Thrive by 2025 - Pew Internet Research Project
The Internet of Things: connecting the world - Carretero J., García J.D. (2014)
The trend towards the Internet of Things: what does it help inDisaster and Risk Management? - Global Risk Forum Davos (2014)
Winter Road Maintenance and the Internet of Things - 17th International Road Weather Conference (2014)
Worldwide and Regional Internet of Things (IoT) 2014–2020 Forecast: A Virtuous Circle of Proven Value and Demand - IDC (2014)

Blockchain

2021

2020

2019

The automative sector and blockchain - MHP and Riddle&Code

Navigating Blockchain and Climate Action 2019 State and Trends – CLI

Blockchain Technologies as a Digital Enabler for Sustainable Infrastructure – OECD

Blockchain and Trust in a Smart City - SAGE

Blockchain Applications in Smart Grid–Review and Frameworks – IEEE

Using Blockchain for Electronic Health Records – IEEE

Blockchain now and tomorrow – EU

Building Value with Blockchain Technology: How to Evaluate Blockchain's Benefits - WEF

Blockchain for digital government: An assessment of pioneering implementations in public services – EU

2018

Powered by Blockchain – Reimagining electrification in emerging markets - Deloitte (2018)
How Blockchain technology could change our lives – EU (2018)
Explainer: What is a blockchain? – MIT Technology Review (2018)
How secure is blockchain really? – MIT Technology Review (2018)
In blockchain we trust – MIT Technology Review (2018)
Blockchain4EU: Blockchain for Industrial Transformations – Publications Office of the European Union (2018)
Blockchain: The Next Innovation to Make our Cities Smarter – PWC (2018)
A Primer on Blockchain Technology and its Potential for Financial Inclusion – German Development Institute (2018)
The Future is Decentralized: Blockchains, Distributed Ledgers & the Future of Sustainable Development – UNDP (2018)
Blockchain in Logistics: Perspectives on the Upcoming Impact of Blockchain Technology and Use Cases for the Logistics Industry – DHL Trend Research (2018)
Blockchain and Emerging Digital Technologies for Enhancing Post-2020 Climate Markets – World Bank (2018)
Driving the Sustainability of Production Systems with Fourth Industrial Revolution Innovation – World Economic Forum (2018)

2017

Blockchain for Development: Emerging Opportunities for Mobile, Identity and Aid – GSMA (2017)
Blockchain: Unpacking the Disruptive Potential of Blockchain Technology for Human Development – IDRC (2017)
Beyond Fintech: Leveraging Blockchain for More Sustainable and Inclusive Supply Chains – IFC (2017)
The Blockchain (R)evolution – The Swiss Perspective – Deloitte (2017)
Blockchain and the G20: Building an Inclusive, Transparent and Accountable Digital Economy – Centre for International governance Innovation (2017)
Blockchain Use Cases for Traceability and Control – Axfoundation (2017)
Blockchain for Agriculture and Food – Wageningen University and Research (2017)
Co-creating the Sustainable Bank: How to use innovative technology to make sustainable banking work for everyone – Fujitsu (2017)

2016

Blockchain – an Opportunity for Energy Producers and Consumers? – PWC (2016)
Review of "The Politics of Bitcoin: Software as Right-Wing Extremism" – University of MinnesotaPress (2016)

digital twin

2021

METAVERSE

2021

The Metaverse Web 3.0 Virtual Cloud Economies – Grayscale Research
Advertising in the Metaverse: Research agenda – Taylor & Francis Online
Educational applications of metaverse: possibilities and limitations – Synapse
How to Promote User Purchase in Metaverse? A Systematic Literature Review on Consumer Behavior Research and Virtual Commerce Application Design – MDPI
Towards Aircraft Maintenance Metaverse Using Speech Interactions withVirtual Objects in Mixed Reality – MDPI
Finding Wholes in the Metaverse: Posthuman Mystics as Agents of Evolutionary Contextualization – MDPI
Public Policy for the Metaverse: Key Takeaways from the 2021 AR/VR Policy Conference – ITIF
Analysis of Metaverse Platform as a New Play Culture: Focusing on Roblox and ZEPETO – CEUR-WS
Computer Vision in the Metaverse – DergiPark

other aspects of frontier technologies

2021

Technology and Innovation Report 2021 – UNCTAD
WIPO Technology Trends 2021: Assistive technology – WIPO
From digital promise to frontline practice: new and emerging technologies in humanitarian action – OCHA
Hype Cycle for Emerging Technologies, 2021 – Gartner
Innovation and digital technology to re-imagine Participatory Budgeting as a tool for building social resilience – UN-Habitat
Technology Futures: Projecting the Possible, Navigating What's Next – WEF
Advanced Technologies and Their Use in Smart City Management – MDPI
Sustainable Technologies for Older Adults – MDPI

2020

2019

Enabling Technologies: Innovation Landscape briefs - IRENE
Towards Sustainable Energy: A Systematic Review of Renewable Energy Sources, Technologies, and Public Opinions – IEEE
Green is clean: the role of ICT in resource management – Springer
Connected & autonomous vehicles – Environmental impacts – A review – Elsevier
Automation using IoT in greenhouse environment - Journal of Information Technology and Digital World
Internet of Things in Smart Agriculture: Enabling Technologies - Purdue University
Study of Wireless Communication Technologies on Internet of Things for Precision Agriculture – Springer
Exploring the application of artificial intelligence technology for identification of water pollution characteristics and tracing the source of water quality pollutants – Elsevier
Tackling Climate Change with Machine Learning – ArXiv
Energy and Policy Considerations for Deep Learning in NLP – ACL
Connected Street Lighting: A Smart City Starting Point – SmartCityWorld
The impact of rapid technological change on sustainable development – UN Economic and Social Council

2018

Green Cloud Computing: Efficient Energy-Aware and Dynamic Resources Management in Data Centers – IJACSA (2018)
Frontier technologies for sustainable development in Asia and the Pacific – ESCAP (2018)
World Economic and Social Survey 2018: Frontier technologies for sustainable development – United Nations (2018)
Autonomous Vehicles: Uncertainties and Energy Implications – EIA (2018)
Bitcoin Mining, Blockchain, and Electricity Consumption – EPRI (2018)
Bitcoin Mining and Its Environmental Effects – Elsevier (2018)
Methods to Decrease Power Consumption in Industrial Robotics – Elsevier (2018)
Study of the Potential Energy Consumption Impacts of Connected and Automated Vehicles – EIA (2018)

2017

Direct and Indirect Impacts of Robots on Future Electricity Load – ACEEE (2017)
Green Technology Choices: The Environmental and Resource Implications of Low-Carbon Technologies – UNEP (2017)