Ethics and AI for and with Society: Ethical Design
PROMIS@Service and AI&Society Journal, Springer Nature
Session 182
Are Ethics and AI really two sides of the same coin?
New technology developments which focus on integrating human-centred methods and rules into our use of AI, so that it is transparent, evidence-based and secure, will serve to increase trust in technology, assisting the process of changing Society and the world of work for governments and people everywhere in a way that favours human dignity at all levels of involvement, from workers to managers.
This workshop builds upon the results of research, development and innovation: the versatile and robust Eco-System Platform that gathers and protects tacit knowledge, as the key to developing structured multilingual intellectual capital and integrates Ethics-by-design alongside AI-by-design in view of the far reaching consequences involved, for good or ill [https://rdcu.be/cYVPg].
The core concerns of Ethical Governance and Diversity are common good, trustworthiness, fairness, social responsibility, reciprocity, confidentiality, privacy, judgement, accountability, transparency, biases, utility, diversity, and alignment. For example, the way different traditions perceive, understand and communicate ethics across cultures. Ethics is situated in different cultural contexts, there is no universal view of ethics, as it has impact on cultural practices of societies, and thus ethics has to be contextualised within cultures. There is no one unique way of thinking and doing ethics, therefore how can we understand and communicate ethics across cultures?
The core premise of Ethics of Reciprocity is that sociality is not something that can be a property of a machine, but is rather something that is enacted in an encounter, or an evolving relationship, between a human and a machine. Empathy is often thought of as a uniquely human trait that enables us to form connections with and understand one another. Should we thus focus on the enactment of empathic social agency, rather than its representation, in the design of social robots, as if it were an ethical machine?
Those who are engaged in the pursuit of machine ethics and governance are reminded that actionable ethics is also about the pursuit of inclusive participation and openness towards knowledge of the past, complexities of the present and uncertainties of the future. In the end, it is not important how the AI machine can be aligned with human values or visualising as how human values are fully aligned with the AI machine, converging to the post-human world, what it is important to know is that human values are diverse, social, cultural, and contextual, and they do not fit into the logic of the AI machine.
WSIS towards 2025: In an increasingly globalised culture, knowledge is arguably the most valuable good of humanity, but it is open both to use and misuse. It is the combination of ethics and the responsible use of AI, in all fields of science and in the world of work, which will make all the difference as we strive towards a more inclusive and just society on a global scale.
Caterina Berbenni-Rehm is a Digital Transformation Innovator and strategic, but practice-oriented Entrepreneur with extensive scientific, social, economic and business management experience at European and international level.
She has more than 25 years’ experience with European Institutions, in contributing to formal consultations and hearings, international public relations, as well as coordinating the research, development, deployment and rollout of projects’ results. Author and co-author on a variety of reports related to social strategic foresight, including conceptual and strategic analysis, project specifications, functional pre-standards, impact analysis and best practices reports on business issues, socio-economic and sustainability assessments.
After leading interdisciplinary teams in knowledge & technology transfer from research to industry, also managing healthcare projects up to rollout of the most innovative results -e.g. Cardlink and ENN-European Neurological Network- since 2008 she is CEO of PROMIS@Service, a spin-off of well administered R&D Innovation results co-funded by the EU Commission that are focused on multilingual Integrated Governance, Risk and Compliance interactive services for business, research and education.
Dr. Berbenni-Rehm is member of the (i) EU Commission’s Ethical Review since 2004; (ii) European Innovation Council Business Coach for Transition and Accelerator, (iii) member of the Advisory Board of AI&Society Journal, Springer; (iv) NATO Innovation Partner. She was vice-chair of the EU Commission’s High-Level Advisory Group DG Research for SMEs; co-founder of the ‘European Entrepreneurial Regions Initiative’ taken up by the Committee of the Regions, Brussels; pledger and co-founder of the ‘Digital Skills for Job Coalition’. Caterina holds a PhD in modern Philology and is author of 14 international publications.
Andreas Alois Reis (PD, MD, MSc) is the Co-Unit Head of the Health Ethics & Governance Unit at WHO in Geneva, Switzerland.
After medical studies and practice in internal medicine in Germany, France and Chile he pursued studies in health economics and obtained a post-graduate degree in biomedical ethics.
His work focuses on ethical aspects of infectious diseases, public health surveillance, health research, and AI.
He has lectured and organized trainings for WHO in more than 50 countries and serves on the editorial boards of Public Health Ethics and Monash Bioethics Review.
He has published widely and is the co-editor of four books on health ethics.
Karamjit S Gill is Professor Emeritus, University of Brighton (UK), Founding Editor of AI&Society Journal (Springer), Visiting Professor at the universities of Wales (UK), Urbino (Italy), Waterford Institute of Technology (Ireland), Beijing Academy of Soft Technology (China), and Symbiotic Network-IIT Mumbai, Delhi University, Arizona State University and UCLA (USA), Universities at Rio de Janeiro (Brazil), Cybernetics Network, Santiago (Chile) and ATA Lima (Peru). Karamjit is the Founding Chair of the International INSYTE-CRL laboratory at Waterford Institute of Technology, Republic of Ireland, and is a member of the Advisory Panel of the Artificial Intelligence for Societal Good Challenge of Science Foundation Ireland (SFI). Over the years he has directed cross-cultural research networks, including EU-India cross-cultural innovation network (EU); Europe-Japan network on human-centred systems; European postgraduate and doctoral research network in human centred systems (EU), Knowledge, culture and artificial intelligence network (EU); New Technology and Adult Literacy (EU); Computer Aided Animated Arts Theatre (CAAAT) Project and the Europe-Japan human centred systems (NTT Data, Japan-1990s); Culture, Language and Artificial Intelligence (COST-EC/Sweden).
He has been the founding Series Editor of the Human Centred Systems Society Book Series (Springer) He is also actively involved in the Community-University Partnership in social mentoring encompassing art, music and craft therapeutic environment and co-production. At Cambridge, he is involved with the Interdisciplinary Performance Research Network, AI Community, and Cambridge Community
Dr. Adeluyi received his PhD in Computer Engineering from Chosun University, Republic of Korea. His research focused on the use of information technology to enhance healthcare delivery, in ways that are efficient, reliable, reusable, cost-effective and innovative. It applied techniques like parallel computing, reconfiguration, virtual instrumentation and bio-inspired computing to improve health, particularly in the areas of personalized health monitoring, bio-inspired computing, the Internet of Things and big data analytics.
He has played a leading role in the policies and initiatives of the Federal Ministry of Communications and Digital Economy, from August 2019 to date. The implementation of these policies and initiatives ensured that the Ministry recorded excellent results across all 8 mandates given by the President of the Federal Republic of Nigeria.
Dr. Adeluyi is a Senior Member of the IEEE and Member of the IEEE P2733 Technical Working Group on Standard for Clinical Internet of Things (IoT) Data and Device Interoperability with TIPPSS – Trust, Identity, Privacy, Protection, Safety, Security, as well as the IEEE P2731 Technical Working Group on Standard for a Unified Terminology for Brain-Computer Interfaces. He was appointed as the 2021/2022 Lead Expert in Communication and Information Commission for the National Commission for UNESCO, Nigeria and Focal Point for the African Union's Digital Transformation Strategy for Nigeria. He represented Nigeria on the Massachusetts Institute of Technology Artificial Intelligence Policy Forum.
His past positions include Visiting Scientist at the Multidisciplinary Lab, International Center for Theoretical Physics, Trieste, Italy with sponsorship from UNESCO and the Italian government. He was also a junior associate editor of the IEEE Journal of Translational Engineering in Health and Medicine (JTEHM), a peer-reviewed, open-access scholarly journal and community forum that premiered in July 2013.
Dr. Evelyne Tauchnitz’s expertise focuses on how digital technologies can be employed to build, support, and maintain peace through non-violent methods of conflict transformation. She is employed as a Senior Researcher Fellow (Post-Doc) at the Lucerne Graduate School in Ethics (LGSE), University of Lucerne, where she is writing her ‘Habilitation’ on PeaceTech – exploring the impact of the digital transformation on peace & war from an ethical and human rights point of view. Evelyne is also a Research Associate at the Centre for Technology and Global Affairs (CTGA), University of Oxford, where she is co-coordinating the Global PeaceTech project. She holds a PhD in International Relations with a specialization in Political Science from the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies (IHEID) in Geneva and was a Visiting Fellow (Post-Doc) at the Department of Political and Social Sciences (SPS), European University Institute (EUI) in Florence, Italy, where she conducted research on international norms and negotiation strategies. Previously, she studied political science, economics and law at the University of Bern. During her PhD, she was employed at the Institute of Public Law at the University of Bern, Switzerland, where she was the principal researcher of a multi-year research project funded by the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF) exploring the nexus between political discourses, the legitimacy of state violence and human rights. She has experience in qualitative research and quantiative data analysis (including mixed methodology) and has undertaken extensive field research in Ethiopia, Mexico and India. Young Global Changer (YGC) at the Think 20 Global Solutions Summit in Berlin, Germany (2017) and grant from the Falling Walls Foundation, Berlin, Germany (2016). Apart from academia, she has experience working as an expert and independent consultant for the government (Swiss Parliamentary Services), civil society (Intermon-Oxfam, ‘Theater for Peace’ and others), and international organizations (such as Unicef) in different employment and independent consultancy positions.
Mr. Forhad Zahid Shaikh is the most prominent personality in the sector of e-Governance, especially the digitalisation of Public Services in Bangladesh, with his remarkable contributions. Currently, Mr. Forhad is playing the vital advisory focal role as "Chief e-Governance Strategist" of a2i, ICT Division of the Ministry of Posts, Telecommunications and ICT in e-Government designing & planning support to the Ministries & Govt. agencies in public service digitalisation.
Several e-Service innovations and significant initiatives in ICT made his 24 years of ICT career remarkable, placing him as one of the front-line leaders in establishing Digital Bangladesh. Within this tenure, he had been playing the "ICT Manager" role in the a2i Prime Minister's Office of Bangladesh for more than 10 years. Since 2008 (15 Years), he has been working with a2i, ICT Division, and has contributed immensely to e-Service innovations, service process engineering, digital system design, integrated architecture, policy intervention, and strategic planning.
The Digital Service Design Lab (DSDL) , is his unique customised methodology for Ministries/Govt. Agencies digital service design and planning involving the service recipients, service providers, decision-makers, and ICT specialists, has become the most popular model within the Government. Under his prudent supervision and dynamic leadership in designing & planning, 1600+ digital services of 30+ Ministries/Divisions and 150+ organisations are developed and implemented through Digital Service Design Lab.
During the Covid-19 pandemic, he played the most crucial role as "Chief Coordinator" in designing, setting up, and running one of the essential telehealth services units of the Government, coordinating the concerned public and private bodies, i.e., Covid-19 Telehealth Center, Maa Tele-Health center for pregnant & lactating mother, "Probash Bondhu" Call Center for migrant workers and BSMMU- a2i Specialised TeleHealth Center.
Mgr. Giulio Dellavite completed his formation and theological studies at ‚The John XXIII Episcopal Seminary’ in Bergamo. He was ordained priest in 1996. After several years of parish ministry, he was sent to Rome in 2000 to complete his studies at the Jesuit-run Pontifical Gregorian University, where, in 2006, he received his doctorate in Canon Law, applying theories of leadership to Church governance focussing on the relationship between being an authority and being authoritative.
In 2002 he was called to the Vatican to serve in the Congregation for Bishops as secretary to the Prefect there, Cardinal Giovanni Battista Re. He has been Chaplain to the Pope since 2008.
Since 2012, he has been General Secretary and Press Officer for the diocese of Bergamo.
Mgr. Dellavite holds seminars on 'Business Ethics', among others, at the LUISS School of economics in Rome, the CUOA school of business in Vicenza and the School of Management and Economics at the University of Turin. He teaches Vatican diplomacy at the LUM geopolitics master-course in Milan and offers training and motivation courses.
He is the author of various magazine and newspaper articles and also several publications on Canon Law and Leadership including the fictional essay: 'He who dwells in the heavens laughs - The abbot and the manager: leadership lessons within the walls of a monastery' and 'Rebel: the challenge of a human ecology'.
- C1. The role of governments and all stakeholders in the promotion of ICTs for development
- C2. Information and communication infrastructure
- C3. Access to information and knowledge
- C4. Capacity building
- C5. Building confidence and security in use of ICTs
- C7. ICT applications: benefits in all aspects of life — E-government
- C7. ICT applications: benefits in all aspects of life — E-business
- C7. ICT applications: benefits in all aspects of life — E-learning
- C7. ICT applications: benefits in all aspects of life — E-health
- C7. ICT applications: benefits in all aspects of life — E-employment
- C7. ICT applications: benefits in all aspects of life — E-environment
- C7. ICT applications: benefits in all aspects of life — E-agriculture
- C7. ICT applications: benefits in all aspects of life — E-science
- C8. Cultural diversity and identity, linguistic diversity and local content
- C9. Media
- C10. Ethical dimensions of the Information Society
The workshop focuses on strengths and weaknesses of AI and Ethics in the digital transformation. AI and Ethics are highly horizontal issues that impact most, if not all, of the WSIS Action lines.
Special attention is given to: evidence-based AI, ethical AI machine, ethical Governance, human-machine interaction, diversity, Ethics of Reciprocity, ethics across cultures, empathic social agency, traditions, human dignity, digital transformation, sustainability,
- Goal 1: End poverty in all its forms everywhere
- Goal 2: End hunger, achieve food security and improved nutrition and promote sustainable agriculture
- Goal 3: Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all
- Goal 4: Ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and promote lifelong learning opportunities for all
- Goal 6: Ensure access to water and sanitation for all
- Goal 7: Ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable and modern energy for all
- Goal 8: Promote inclusive and sustainable economic growth, employment and decent work for all
- Goal 9: Build resilient infrastructure, promote sustainable industrialization and foster innovation
- Goal 10: Reduce inequality within and among countries
- Goal 11: Make cities inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable
- Goal 16: Promote just, peaceful and inclusive societies
- Goal 17: Revitalize the global partnership for sustainable development
There are very strong interrelations between the SDGs and the WSIS Action Lines, therefore the workshop addresses all goals in general, and in particular goal 1, goal 2, goal 3, goal 4, goal 6, goal 7, goal 8, goal 9, goal 10, goal 11, goal 16, goal 17.
AI&Society: journal of knowledge, culture and communication: https://www.springer.com/journal/146
WHO: Ethics and governance of artificial intelligence for health, full report: https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240029200
UNESCO- Artificial Intelligence Needs Assessment Survey in Africa: https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000375322