Page 8 - The Digital Financial Services (DFS) Ecosystem

3.1 Program Technical Features 41
3.2 Stage of Implementation 47
3.3 Enrolment Methodologies 49
3.4 Coverage of Target Population 50

4 Implementation Challenges 54
4.1 Accountability 54
4.2 Privacy 58
4.3 Data Management 58
4.4 Enrollment 58
4.5 Coverage 59
4.6 Cost 61
4.7 Harmonization of ID Programs 63

5 Functions Linked To Identity Programs 63
5.1 Finance 68
5.2 Health 71
5.3 Agriculture 73
5.4 Elections 74
5.5 Surveillance and Security 76
5.6 Other Functions 77

6 Characteristics of ID Programs with Functional Applications 78
6.1 General Functional Linkages 79
6.2 Finance 81
6.3 Health 83

7 Conclusion 84

Appendix A: Literature Search Methodology 98

Appendix B: Review Framework Questions 99

Appendix C: Summary of National Identity Programs 101

IV Enabling Merchant Payments Acceptance in the Digital Financial Ecosystems 134

Executive Summary 135

Part I: Merchants and Payments Acceptors in the Digital Financial Services Ecosystem 136

1 Introduction 136
1.1 Goals of Digital Payments Acceptance 136
1.2 Assumptions 137
1.3 Hypotheses 137

2 The Payments Acceptance Value Chain 138

3 Merchant and Payment Acceptor Segmentation 141
3.1 M0: P2P 142
3.2 M1: Sole Proprietor 143
3.3 M2: Small Shop 144
3.4 M3: Small Farmer 145

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