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ITU Journal on Future and Evolving Technologies, Volume 1 (2020), Issue 1




          this, we have presented example  lexibility aspects for the  nologies,” in IEEE Vehicular Technology Maga-
          potential 6G key enablers under a unique categorization.  zine, vol. 14, no. 3, pp. 28-41, Sept. 2019, doi:
                                                                   10.1109/MVT.2019.2921208.
          We believe that 6G should be approached with  lexibility
          at its primary design criterion.  Flexibility aspects of  [6] L. Zhang, Y. Liang and D. Niyato, “6G Visions:
          the potential key enablers need to play a leading role   Mobile ultra-broadband, super internet-of-things,
          in the design stages of 6G systems.  To this end, we     and arti icial intelligence,” in China Communica-
          have presented a general framework comprising of the     tions, vol. 16, no. 8, pp. 1-14, Aug. 2019, doi:
          aforementioned  lexible key enablers, empowered by       10.23919/JCC.2019.08.001.
          a  lexible cognitive engine and supported by different
          aspects of sensing and AI. We believe that the presence of  [7] W. Saad, M. Bennis and M. Chen, “A Vision of 6G
           lexible options is imperative but only that is not enough  Wireless Systems: Applications, Trends, Technolo-
          to support the future applications. The ability to extract  gies, and Open Research Problems,” in IEEE Network,
          information regarding the operating environment and      vol. 34, no. 3, pp. 134-142, May/June 2020, doi:
          making related intelligent decisions are the way forward  10.1109/MNET.001.1900287.
          in the wireless communications realm. The best possible
          utilization of the  lexibility offered by the key enablers is  [8] G. Gui, M. Liu, F. Tang, N. Kato and F. Adachi, “6G:
          determined with this vision.                             Opening New Horizons for Integration of Comfort, Se-
                                                                   curity and Intelligence,” in IEEE Wireless Communi-
          The realization of a  lexible key enabler platform like the  cations, doi: 10.1109/MWC.001.1900516.
          one mentioned above is, however, not straightforward.
          It requires the methods capable of performing ef icient  [9] M. Giordani, M. Polese, M. Mezzavilla, S. Rangan
          multi-objective optimization to address the various      and M. Zorzi, “Toward 6G Networks: Use Cases
          competing applications requirements.  Furthermore,       and Technologies,” in IEEE Communications Mag-
          quantifying the  lexibility by proposing novel perfor-   azine, vol. 58, no. 3, pp. 55-61, Mar. 2020, doi:
          mance indicators also remains a signi icant challenge on  10.1109/MCOM.001.1900411.
          the way to ensure a fully-functional  lexible, cognitive  [10] J. F. Monserrat, D. Martin-Sacristan, F. Bouch-
          wireless communications network.
                                                                   mal, O. Carrasco, J. Flores de Valgas and N. Car-
                                                                   dona, “Key Technologies for the Advent of the
                                                                   6G,” 2020 IEEE Wireless Communications and Net-
          ACKNOWLEDGEMENT                                          working Conference Workshops (WCNCW), Seoul,
          The authors would like to thank Muhammad Sohaib J. So-   Korea (South), 2020, pp. 1-6, doi: 10.1109/WC-
          laija for his valuable comments and suggestions to im-   NCW48565.2020.9124725.
          prove the quality of the paper.
                                                               [11] S. Dang, O. Amin, B. Shihada and M. Alouini, “What
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