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2020 ITU Kaleidoscope Academic Conference
Table 2 - Comparative analysis of agricultural developments and core areas of immersive technologies
360- 360- Immersive Hardware 3D Training/ Software solutions
Features degree degree content required modeling simulator
photo video
VR AR MR Desktop Mobile
Paper 1 [5] X X X
Paper 2 [13] X X X X
Paper 3 [14] X X X
Paper 4 [12] X X X X
Paper 5 [6] X X X X
Paper 6 [28] X X
Paper 7 [30] X X X
Paper 8 [32] X X X X
Paper 9 [20] X X X X X
Paper 10 [34] X X X X
Paper 11 [24] X X X X X
Paper 12 [29] X X
Paper13 [35] X X X
Paper 14 [36] X X X
Paper 15 [37] X X X X X
Paper 16 [31] X X X
Paper 17 [23] X X X X
In Table 2, we categorize the literature according to these conducted in this key area to promote food security, alleviate
features: (i) the presence of 360-degree photos or videos in poverty in local communities, and the overall sustainability
the presented study or solution; (ii) whether the immersive of food and agricultural produce and systems. The analysis
technologies used present the content in a completely points to a gap in the literature, reporting specifically on the
immersive nature (full immersion); and (iii) hardware limited advancements made in applying immersive
required to be used with the immersive solution, e.g. smart technology to agricultural processes. It also points out the
glasses. We also note whether 3D models were used to create lack of real-life deployment of solutions in this domain of
the simulation and also categorized whether the study’s interest. While we have not presented immersive technology
solution used a simulator to imitate real-life conditions or if as a panacea, as there are other concerns in agriculture around
the solution was used for training purposes. the security of land tenure and good governance, we believe
that the analysis presented in this research will inform and
5. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION guide future research in the applications of immersive
technology to agriculture. This will make a significant
Agriculture remains a key sector for development in every difference in promoting relevant applications and platform
economy. Immersive technologies have the potential to development for inclusive and sustainable agriculture that can
support smart agriculture for increased productivity. This withstand the demands of Agric 4.0 and urbanization.
research has confirmed the potential of the technology is
revolutionizing the agriculture sector by systematically ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
exploring, reviewing, and analyzing various applications and
scholarly work in this domain of interest. Immersive The authors formally thank the Department of Agriculture,
technologies in agriculture are still at a stage of exploration Western Cape, South Africa, for their support.
and development, particularly in developing nations. The
reality is that there is little achievement in terms of REFERENCES
application and deployment of the technology in the
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