Page 17 - Trust in ICT 2017

Trust in ICT 1

• Section 6 proposes trust taxonomy in different domains in order to identify important issues for
trust provisioning in the ICT infrastructure, services and applications, and describe a strategy for
solving these issues, particularly considering trust provisioning process.
• Section 7 demonstrates feasible methods to implement architecture for trusted social cyber physical
infrastructures and a framework for trust decision making for trustworthy ICT eco-system.
Furthermore, it emphasises key functionalities, requirements and standard interfaces for autonomic
decision making.
• Section 8 focuses on developing a generalized trust definition for all entities in Internet of Things
(IoT) in which trust can be formalized and produced within a service platform in the future.
Supporting to our goal, topics on trust provisioning strategies for services, applications and ICT
infrastructure and ideas on trust ontology will be discussed here. In addition, this section suggests
a framework for autonomic trust management based on Monitor, Analyse, Plan, Execute, and
Knowledge feedback loop to evaluate the level of trust in an IoT cloud ecosystem. It also introduces
Blockchain technology as a tool for trust provisioning.
• Section 9 provides details for related standardization activities in ITU-T and other SDOs. In addition,
this section shows important work items for standardization and discuss next step for future
standardization in ITU-T.

4 Understanding of Trust
This section presents different meanings of trust from various perspectives as a key achievement of ITU-T
CG-Trust standardization activities. It also describes general aspects of trust like characteristics, key features
and relationships with knowledge, security and privacy.
In general, trust revolves around ‘assurance’ and confidence that people, data, entities, information or
processes will function or behave in expected ways. At the deeper level, trust is regarded as a consequence
of progress towards security or privacy objectives. Trust is not a new research topic in computer science,
spanning areas as diverse as security and access control in computer networks, reliability in distributed
systems, game theory and agent systems, and policies for decision making under uncertainty. The concept
of trust in these different communities varies in how it is represented, computed, and used.

Trust is a complex notion with different keywords (see Figure 1) and a multi-level analysis is important in
order to understand it. Therefore, this section aims to provide a clear understanding of trust, from definitions,
key characteristics and features on trust from different perspectives.

4.1 Definition of Trust

Trust is a broad concept used in many disciplines and subject areas but until now, there is no commonly
agreed definition. It is a critical factor that highly influences the likelihood of entities to interact and transact
in both real world and ICT environments. Trust is crucial that it affects the appetite of an entity to use services
or products offered by another entity. This example can be seen in our everyday life where trust decisions
are made. When purchasing a product, we may favour certain brands or certain models due to our trust that
they will provide better quality compare to others. This trust may come from our past experience of using
these brands’ products (termed “belief”) or from their reputations that are perceived from people who
bought items and left their opinions about those products (termed “reputation”), or from suggestions of your
surrounding such as families and friends (termed “recommendation”). Similarly, trust also affects the
decision of an entity to transact with other entity in ICT environment. Both consumers and providers should
trust each other before decisions to consume or to provide the services are made; otherwise fraudulent
transactions may occur.

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