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2016 ITU Kaleidoscope Academic Conference

onto the phones. This requires a dedicated internet UCD is “a general term for a philosophy and methods
connection. Future version is looking at transporting the which focus on designing for and involving users in the
information over SMS. design of computerized systems.” [14]. Rapid prototyping
The SAMBRO Mobile is for local Alerting Authorities to “involves creating a realistic model of a product’s user
issue localized alerts. For example, be able to quickly warn interface to get prospective customers involved early in the
a local village of a chemical spill or a large factory fire design of the product. With rapid prototyping, the user
opposed to waiting for central national authority to issue the model, the work flows and information needs without
same. It was also designed to serve as a wakeup call with an investing the time and labor required to write actual code
audible siren to wakeup first-responders in the middle of the [15]. Thereafter, revise the prototype to address the user’s
night or to get their attention if they were at distant from the comments and keep iterating the process until we agree on
device. the design parameters before creating the product [16].
Agile software design is defined as “a lightweight software
engineering framework that promotes iterative development
throughout the life-cycle of the project, close collaboration
between the development team and business side, constant
communication, and tightly-knit teams.” With the Scrum,
the light-weight process framework for agile development,
initially the user stories are collected by involving the user.
5
These are the wish-lists that client like to have at the end of
the product development. These user stories goes into the
backlog catalogue, which are placed under the order of
priority. The software development begins with small
chunks of the backlog catalog called as sprints. With scrum,
using sprints we can build pieces of software and the client
can experience each part and determine what to do next.
Action research is typically regarded as an approach to
research that balances knowledge generation with planned
action. According to Hearn & Foth [17], “action research
not only aims to understand the problem, it aims to provoke
change through actionable outcomes.” It is also known by
other related terms such as participatory action research,
collaborative inquiry, emancipatory research, or action
learning [18].
The information, gathered from the preliminary stakeholder
rapid prototyping interactions, was compiled to produce a
set of customer requirements. The requirements were
transformed to a set of User Experience (UX) and User
Interface (UI) designs to customize SAMBRO. Selected

participants from the three countries were invited to trial the
Figure 3: SAMBRO Web Application for Disaster preliminary release of SAMRBO.
Management Subsequently all stakeholders from each country were
invited to experiment with SAMRBO. This, second iteration
3. METHODOLOGY of the rapid prototyping, was, once again, used to further
enhance SAMBRO. Throughout this cycle the lead
The design and implementation methodology considered a Organizations engaged in weekly and monthly interactions
scientific approach. [13] discuss the intricacies of applying with the development team to discuss their requirements
a waterfall method with well-defined elicitation and and test the system. The lead Organization liaised with the
documentation of complete requirements, followed by an stakeholders to update them on the new developments as
architectural and high-level design development and well gather information on their requirements.
inspection. Given the dilemma of introducing CAP to
novices who haven’t been exposed to the content standard 5 User stories are documented in the Sahana Wiki Blueprints for:
but are engaged in early warning, it is cumbersome to Maldives
follow a plan-driven method because they can become (http://eden.sahanafoundation.org/wiki/BluePrint/CAPBroker/Mal
frustrating to the users and the implementers. We identified dives),
four related areas of study and practice within the broad Myanmar
field of information system design. These four areas are (1) (http://eden.sahanafoundation.org/wiki/BluePrint/CAPBroker/My
User-Centered Design (UCD); (2) rapid prototyping; (3) anmar), and
Philippines
agile software design (SCRUM); and (4) action research. (http://eden.sahanafoundation.org/wiki/BluePrint/CAPBroker/Phil
ippines)

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